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Subject: bug#72756: Potential Bug/Vuln in test.c
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# ENV #

Ubuntu 22.04 LTS=20
COREUTILS version 8.32-4.1ubuntu1.2

*Note could be specific to Ubuntu but I believe I confirmed in source*

# Observed Behavior #

Expectation:
`var=3D''; [ -n $var ]; echo $?` should NOT return `0`
Reality:
`var=3D''; [ -n $var ]; echo $?` returns `0`

*Note that this behavior does not persist when variable is quoted*=20

Test:
~~~bash
testvar=3D''
[ -n $testvar ]
echo -n unquote exit $?
[ -n "$testvar" ]
echo -n quote exit $?
[ -z $testvar ]
echo -z unquote exit $?
[ -z "$testvar" ]
echo -z quote exit $?
~~~

Result:
~~~bash
+ testvar=3D
+ '[' -n ']'
+ echo -n unquote exit 0
unquote exit 0+ '[' -n '' ']'
+ echo -n quote exit 1
quote exit 1+ '[' -z ']'
+ echo -z unquote exit 0
-z unquote exit 0
+ '[' -z '' ']'
+ echo -z quote exit 0
-z quote exit 0
~~~

# Relevant Code #

From `coreutils/src/test.c`:

lines 106-111:
~~~C
static void
unary_advance (void)
{
  advance (true);
  ++pos;
}
~~~

lines 512-514:
~~~C
    case 'n':			/* True if arg has some length. */
      unary_advance ();
      return argv[pos - 1][0] !=3D 0;
~~~


# What it looks to me that it's doing #

Based on my interpretation of the relevant code sections, which could be co=
mpletely wrong:
=20
`'[' -n ']'` moves to `']'` and checks if `']'` has a length of `[0]` and r=
eturns `0` if not (so always `0`, always `TRUE`)

This would explain why the behavior is not continued when the var is quoted=
:=20

`'[' -n '' ']'` moves to `''` and checks if `''` has a length of `[0]` and =
returns (not zero) correctly.

Oddly though, the `-z` argument appears to handle both situations correct d=
espite the code being similar.=20


# Word Around #=20

When using `-n` with `test` (or `[`), ensure variables are always quoted to=
 avoid a false positive when the variable is unset but unquoted.
Use `-z` exclusively instead.

This is my first time reporting anything like this so apologies in advance =
if formatting or other ways on how to pass on the information could be impr=
oved.=20

Nathan Hays | Principal Security Consultant | NCC Group PLC

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From: help-debbugs@HIDDEN (GNU bug Tracking System)
To: Nathan Hays <nathan.hays@HIDDEN>
Subject: bug#72756: Acknowledgement (Potential Bug/Vuln in test.c)
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Date: Thu, 22 Aug 2024 05:47:02 +0000

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Message sent to bug-coreutils@HIDDEN:

Subject: bug#72756: Potential Bug/Vuln in test.c
Resent-From: Paul Eggert <eggert@HIDDEN>
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I don't see a bug there. 'test' is behaving as documented.

> Expectation:
> `var=''; [ -n $var ]; echo $?` should NOT return `0`

This expectation is incorrect, because that command should exit with 
status 0. This is because the command '[ -n $var ]' is equivalent to:

   [ -n ]

which is equivalent to:

   test -n

and this is is defined to exit successfully, because '-n' is not the 
empty string.

The presence of the shell variable is irrelevant, because the shell 
omits the expansion of $var in the context you give.

Admittedly the usage of "test" is confusing, but it's been standardized 
for decades and it's not something we'd lightly change. You can see the 
current standard here:

https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9799919799/utilities/test.html

and the relevant text says:

   1 argument:
       Exit true (0) if $1 is not null; otherwise, exit false.

Message sent to bug-coreutils@HIDDEN:

Subject: bug#72756: Potential Bug/Vuln in test.c
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On Wed, 21 Aug 2024, at 18:29, Nathan Hays via GNU coreutils Bug Reports wrote:
> Test:
> ~~~bash
> testvar=''
> [ -n $testvar ]
> echo -n unquote exit $?
> [ -n "$testvar" ]
> echo -n quote exit $?
> [ -z $testvar ]
> echo -z unquote exit $?
> [ -z "$testvar" ]
> echo -z quote exit $?
> ~~~

For this code snippet, the shellcheck linter reports

[ -n $testvar ]
     ^------^ SC2070: -n doesn't work with unquoted arguments. Quote or use [[ ]].
     ^------^ SC2086: Double quote to prevent globbing and word splitting.

Did you mean:
[ -n "$testvar" ]

For more information:
  https://www.shellcheck.net/wiki/SC2070 -- -n doesn't work with unquoted arg...



Cheers,
Phil

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Am 22.08.2024 um 08:54 schrieb Philip Rowlands:
> On Wed, 21 Aug 2024, at 18:29, Nathan Hays via GNU coreutils Bug Reports=
 wrote:
>> Test:
>> ~~~bash
>> testvar=3D''
>> [ -n $testvar ]
>> echo -n unquote exit $?
>> [ -n "$testvar" ]
>> echo -n quote exit $?
>> [ -z $testvar ]
>> echo -z unquote exit $?
>> [ -z "$testvar" ]
>> echo -z quote exit $?
>> ~~~
> For this code snippet, the shellcheck linter reports
>
> [ -n $testvar ]
>       ^------^ SC2070: -n doesn't work with unquoted arguments. Quote or=
 use [[ ]].
>       ^------^ SC2086: Double quote to prevent globbing and word splitti=
ng.
>
> Did you mean:
> [ -n "$testvar" ]
>
> For more information:
>    https://www.shellcheck.net/wiki/SC2070  -- -n doesn't work with unquo=
ted arg...
It's a similar confusing syntax glitch as in shell:
# cond=3Dtrue # commented out with the assumption the below condition will
not be true then
if $cond
then echo surprise # but it is
fi

Cheers
Thomas

> Cheers,
> Phil
>

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
  </head>
  <body>
    <br>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 22.08.2024 um 08:54 schrieb Philip
      Rowlands:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
      cite="mid:07879d4f-bc32-4472-9d45-885e2fe9afb5@HIDDEN">
      <pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">On Wed, 21 Aug 2024, at 18:29, Nathan Hays via GNU coreutils Bug Reports wrote:
</pre>
      <blockquote type="cite">
        <pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">Test:
~~~bash
testvar=''
[ -n $testvar ]
echo -n unquote exit $?
[ -n "$testvar" ]
echo -n quote exit $?
[ -z $testvar ]
echo -z unquote exit $?
[ -z "$testvar" ]
echo -z quote exit $?
~~~
</pre>
      </blockquote>
      <pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">
For this code snippet, the shellcheck linter reports

[ -n $testvar ]
     ^------^ SC2070: -n doesn't work with unquoted arguments. Quote or use [[ ]].
     ^------^ SC2086: Double quote to prevent globbing and word splitting.

Did you mean:
[ -n "$testvar" ]

For more information:
  <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.shellcheck.net/wiki/SC2070">https://www.shellcheck.net/wiki/SC2070</a> -- -n doesn't work with unquoted arg...</pre>
    </blockquote>
    It's a similar confusing syntax glitch as in shell:<br>
    # cond=true # commented out with the assumption the below condition
    will not be true then<br>
    if $cond<br>
    then echo surprise # but it is<br>
    fi<br>
    <br>
    Cheers<br>
    Thomas<br>
    <br>
    <blockquote type="cite"
      cite="mid:07879d4f-bc32-4472-9d45-885e2fe9afb5@HIDDEN">
      <pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">
Cheers,
Phil

</pre>
    </blockquote>
  </body>
</html>

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severity 76060 wishlist
severity 75994 wishlist
severity 75649 wishlist
severity 73510 wishlist
severity 73331 wishlist
severity 71307 wishlist
severity 73784 wishlist
tags 73194 notabug
close 74194
close 73194
close 73134
close 72756
severity 72024 wishlist
tags 71895 moreinfo unreproducible
tags 69636 notabug
close 69636
severity 69368 wishlist

Last modified: Sun, 16 Feb 2025 07:00:02 UTC

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